Prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative isolates from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal

Abstract Background The existence of multidrug-resistant organisms, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), is on rise across the globe and becoming a severe problem. Knowledge prevalence antibiogram profile such isolates essential to develop an appropriate treatment methodology. This study aimed Gram-negative exhibiting ESBL at tertiary care hospital their profile. Methods A cross-sectional was conducted Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal, from June 2018 November 2018. total 770 clinical samples were collected identified using conventional biochemical tests following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) performed standardized Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. screening test for producers as recommended by CLSI confirmatory phenotypically E-test. Results Out 92 isolates, 84 (91.3%) multidrug-resistant, 47 (51.1%) found be potential producers. Of these, 16 confirmed Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae predominant also major Besides polymyxin B (100% sensitive), meropenem imipenem showed high efficacy against Conclusion Multidrug resistance very high; however, production low. Polymyxin carbapenems are choice drugs but should used only last line drugs.